Kidney stone disease or nephrolithiasis is a condition when the fabric hard that resembles a stone formed in the kidneys. fabric is derived from the remnants of waste substances in the blood filtered by the kidneys which then settles and crystallizes over time.
In the majority of cases, kidney stone disease experienced by people aged 30-60 years. An estimated 10 percent of women and 15 percent of men never experience this condition during their life.
The deposition of stones in the kidney can be caused by foods or other health problems underlying. Based on the type, of kidney stones are divided into four, namely calcium stones, uric acid stones, struvite stones, and cystine stones.
Symptoms of kidney stones
Symptoms due to kidney stones do not usually will be felt by the sufferer if the kidney stones are very small so it can get out of the body naturally through the ureter easily. The Ureter is the duct that connects the kidney to the bladder.
Symptoms due to kidney stones new can feel if the stone is larger than the diameter of the channel of the ureter. Large stones will rub against the lining of the walls of the ureter, causing irritation and even sores. Therefore, urine can sometimes contain blood. In addition irritate the ureter, kidney stones can also get stuck in the ureters or the urethra (the end of the discharge of urine) resulting in the accumulation of bacteria and can cause swelling due to infection. Symptoms of kidney stones that can appear when the stones rub against the ureter of which is pain in the waist, the lower abdomen or side, and groin that may be accompanied by nausea.
While the symptoms can be felt if a patients with kidney stones have an infection of the kidney in which the urine looks turbid and foul odor, weakness, chills, and high fever.
Patients with kidney stones in Indonesia
According to data compiled by the Indonesian Ministry of Health (Moh) in 2013, estimated the prevalence of patients diagnosed with kidney stones for the age above 15 years is equal to zero,6 percent of the overall population of Indonesia. Five provinces occupying the highest position in the problem of kidney stone disease in them is IN Yogyakarta, Aceh, West java, Central Java, and Central Sulawesi.
The prognosis is kidney stones
In diagnosing kidney stones, are usually first of all the doctor will ask the patient about the symptoms that have been experienced. The doctor can also ask whether the patient has ever suffered from kidney stone before, have a family history of the diseased the same, or whether the patients often consume food or supplements that can trigger the formation of kidney stones.
After the information collected, the doctor will usually perform a number of tests to strengthen the evidence. These tests can include the examination of urine, blood tests, and scanning (eg ULTRASOUND, x-ray, CT experiment, and intravenous urogram/IVU)
The treatment of kidney stones
Treatment of kidney stone disease which is made depending on the size of the stone. If the kidney stones are still relatively small or medium-sized, and still can pass through the urinary tract without having to do the surgery, the doctor will usually advise the patient to drink the white water course according to suggested dose. With the flow of the fluid continuously, it is expected kidney stones can be pushed out by itself. If the symptoms felt by the patient is quite annoying, usually doctors simply prescribe pain medication, for example acetaminophen, ibuprofen or anti-inflammatory medicines non steroids.
The handling of kidney stones are with a special procedure (for example with laser energy, ultrasound, or surgery) can usually be applied if the stones are larger in size so that clogging of the urinary tract of the patient.
Prevention of kidney stones
How to prevent kidney stones is actually quite simple. You just need to drink enough water every day and limit the consumption of foods, drinks, or supplements that contain substances that could potentially cause the formation of kidney stones, such substances are oxalic acid, calcium supplements, and animal protein.
Along with drinking enough water and limiting the intake of certain substances, the prevention of kidney stones can also be done by taking drugs prescribed by a doctor. Usually this step is recommended to prevent relapse for those who have previously suffered from kidney stones.
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